PhD Scientific Days 2021

CL_V_P: Clinical Medicine V. Posters

Interactions between immune system and the microbiome of skin, blood and gut in pathogenesis of rosacea

Text of the abstract

Introduction
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that primarily affects women over 30 years of age1. The prevalence of rosacea is around 5% of the adult population worldwide2. Diagnostic criteria of rosacea include primary features, such as transient or persistent facial erythema, telangiectasias, papules and pustules - usually in centrofacial distribution - and secondary features, such as a stinging or burning of the skin, oedema, tarsal conjunctivitis, ocular dryness and rhinophymas. Rosacea can be classified into four basic stages: erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous and ocular rosacea, and another variant of rosacea is the granulomatous rosacea3. Possible pathological mechanisms responsible for rosacea include dysregulation of the innate or possibly the acquired immune system4, disrupted neurovascular signal transmission5, degeneration of connective tissue elements, nutritional and chemical factors, sun exposure, functional disorders of the pilosebaceous unit and infective microbes6. The highly sensitive and complex interaction between the immune conditions and in gut, in blood or on the skin presenting microbes possibly influences the progression and therapeutic options of rosacea.

Aims
Our aim is to discuss the current information of interactions between the immune system and the skin, gut and blood microbiome, with particular attention to diagnostic opportunities in rosacea patients.

Methods
A literature research was conducted using the database PubMed.

Results
Looking into the effects influencing development of rosacea, it is not only the skin microbiome change that needs to be considered. Changes in the intestinal microbiome and their circulating metabolites, as well as changes in the blood microbiome affect the progression of rosacea too. Recent research has confirmed the increased presence of bacterial genera like Acidaminococcus and Megasphera in the intestinal microbiome7 and Rheinheimera and Sphingobium in the blood microbiome of rosacea patients8. Accurate assessment of the protective and harmful microbiome composition is essential for targeted antibiotic or probiotic use in rosacea therapy.

Conclusion
More information about the relationship between the triggering altered microbiome and the immune function involved in inflammation is needed.

Funding
State Grant
Semmelweis 250+ Kiválósági PhD Ösztöndíj

University and Doctoral School

Semmelweis University, Károly Rácz Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine