PhD Scientific Days 2023

Clinical Medicine - Posters I

Association between Hyperglycemia and Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ)

Text of the abstract

Introduction: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a type of jawbone
necrosis caused by the use of drugs for some types of cancer and osteoporosis. Hyperglycemia is a crucial healthcare and social issue that we face today. It has become a widespread concern in developed industrial societies and can be classified as a folk disease.

Aims: The current study aimed to evaluate the associations between hyperglycemia and the development of medicationrelated osteonecrosis of the jaw. One of the primary aims of our research is to broaden our understanding of knowledge that can potentially aid in the prevention of MRONJ and enhance the quality of life for patients.

Method: Our research group investigated data collected between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020. A total of 260 patients were selected from the Inpatient Care Unit, Department of Oromaxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Semmelweis University. Fasting glucose data were used and included in the study. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Approximately 40% of the necrosis group and 21% of the control group presented with hyperglycemia. There was a significant association between hyperglycemia and MRONJ (p= 0.003). Vascular anomaly and immune dysfunction caused by hyperglycemia can lead to necrosis after tooth extraction. Necrosis is more common in the mandible (75.0%) and in the case of parenteral antiresorptive treatment (intravenous Zoledronate and subcutaneous Denosumab). Hyperglycemia is a more relevant risk factor (26.7%) than bad oral habits like smoking and drinking alcohol. Published in: J. Clin. Med. 2023, Volume 12, Issue 8, 2976

Conclusion: Ischemia is a complication of abnormal glucose levels, a possible risk factor for necrosis development. Hence, uncontrolled or poorly regulated plasma glucose levels can significantly increase the risk of jawbone necrosis after invasive dental or oral surgical interventions. Based on the abovementioned findings, ischemia can be a potential risk factor for developing jawbone necrosis after invasive dental or oral surgical interventions, especially in the lower jaw.

Funding: This research received no external funding.