PhD Scientific Days 2025

Molecular Medicine III.

HIF-1α and vanin-1 as new high-risk biomarkers of postoperative complications in cardiac surgery patients

Name of the presenter

Tsvetkov Ivan

Institute/workplace of the presenter

Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery

Authors

Ivan Tsvetkov¹, Silina Maria¹, Dzhalilova Dzhuliia¹, Diatroptova Marina¹, Babaev Maxim¹, Grin Oksana¹

1: Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery

Text of the abstract

In recent years, more data on the connection between NF-κB and transcription factors HIFs (Hypoxia-Inducible Factors) became available. Other HIF-1α regulator is cysteamine, a product of pantethine hydrolysis, which is catalyzed by vanin-1 (VNN1) that affects the oxidative stress and inflammation. It was also demonstrated that in the first days after hospitalization, patients with sepsis, relative to patients without it, had higher VNN1 levels. We previously revealed that there are individual differences in response to hypoxic exposure, largely due to different levels of HIF. Organisms with high and low hypoxia tolerance differ in the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) course severity.
The aim of study was to investigate HIF-1α and VNN1 level differences in the serum of patients with complicated and unfavorable postoperative period course after reconstructive surgeries on the aorta and its branches.
The study was performed on blood samples from 32 male patients age 20 to 72 years with aortic dissecting aneurysm who signed consent for the study. In the preoperative period, patients' leukocyte content, lactate, HIF-1α and VNN-1 proteins concentration were assessed. After surgery the presence of postoperative complications was detected. SIR markers were observed in 12 patients. Serum HIF-1α and VNN-1 concentration was determined by ELISA. Differences between groups were evaluated using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test and were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.
In the preoperative period, patients with complications had lower absolute neutrophil number, NLR and SII systemic inflammation parameters, and lactate concentration. At the same time, the HIF-1α and VNN1 level was higher in comparison to the patients without complications in the postoperative period. In ROC analysis followed by area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp), and likelihood ratio (LR) analysis, HIF-1α and VNN1 had the highest values among all the parameters that differed between the group of patients with and without complications – AUC 0.83 for HIF-1α and 0.84 for VNN1, Se - 85.71%, Sp - 78.57%, and LR - 4.00.
HIF-1α and VNN1 could be characterized as novel prognostic highly specific markers of the postoperative complications risk in cardiac surgical patients.
This work was financially supported by the state assignment (№ 123030700027-5).