PhD Scientific Days 2025

Poster Session II. - U: Cardiovascular Medicine and Research

Effect of extreme temperature and air pollution on the incidence of myocardial infarction

Name of the presenter

Nagy Martin

Institute/workplace of the presenter

Semmelweis University

Authors

Dr. Martin Nagy¹

1: Semmelweis University

Text of the abstract

Introduction:
In our country, about 30 thousand people suffer from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) every year. Although several risk factors are known for these pathologies, the variation in the number of cases over time raises the possibility that temperature and air pollution parameters are related to the evolution of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) rates.

Aims:
To explore possible correlations between national STEMI and NSTEMI case rates and trends in temperature and air pollution data.

Method:
The correlations between STEMI and NSTEMI cases recorded in the National Heart Attack Registry between 2014 and 2023 and the evolution of temperature and air pollution data from the National Meteorological Service for a given day were investigated using different mathematical models (Poisson regression, XGBoost).

Results:
A total of 138787 cases were studied, of which 77466 were STEMI and 61321 NSTEMI. Regarding temperature parameters, an increase in the number of cases was observed on cold days (Tmin <10°C), which was higher for NSTEMI than for STEMI. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation with the thermohygrometric index for the incidence of both infarct types.
On so-called hot days (Tmax ≥ 35 °C), a decrease in the incidence of both STEMI and NSTEMI was observed.

Conclusion:
The air quality index (AQI) showed a positive correlation with an increase in both STEMI and NSTEMI.

These results may in the future provide an opportunity to better identify patient groups with increased vulnerability to AMI under specific meteorological and air pollution parameters.

Funding
This work has been implemented by the National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change (RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00014) project within the framework of Hungary's National Recovery and Resilience Plan supported by the Recovery and Resilience Facility of the European Union.

2024-2.1.1-EKÖP-2024-00004